报告摘要：Neutron stars, whether isolated or in binary systems, are fantastic tools to explore fundamental aspects of gravitational and particle physics. After reviewing the mathematical and numerical tools that are needed to model neutron stars in their nonlinear dynamics, I will provide a few examples how neutron stars can be used to explore fundamental physics, ranging from their spectral properties, the possibility of phase transition to quark matter, the maximum mass, and up to the properties of the sound speed for matter at nuclear densities. Finally, I will report about a novel and tight correlation between the ratio of the energy and angular-momentum losses in the late-time portion of the post-merger signal, i.e., the "long ringdown", and the properties of the EOS at the highest pressures and densities in neutron-star cores.

主讲人简介：Prof. Luciano Rezzolla is a relativistic astrophysicist, i.e., a physicist who uses Einstein’s theory of general relativity to describe and explain high-energy astronomical observations of black holes and neutron stars. To do this Prof. Rezzolla combines analytical perturbative tools with numerical nonlinear simulations in which he solves the Einstein equations together with those of relativistic hydrodynamics or magnetohydrodynamics. Prof. Rezzolla does this in the endless process of comparing theoretical results and predictions with astronomical observations. Prof. Rezzolla is presently the Chair of Theoretical (Relativistic) Astrophysics at the Institute for Theoretical Physics (ITP) of the Goethe University of Frankfurt, Germany, and also Senior Fellow at the Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies (FIAS).